Icyatsi, Ibidukikije byangiza, Icupa ryibirahure

ibyatsi,

umuryango wambere wabantu

ibikoresho byo gupakira n'ibikoresho byo gushushanya,

Yabayeho ku isi imyaka ibihumbi.

Nko mu 3700 mbere ya Yesu,

Abanyamisiri ba kera bakoze imitako y'ibirahure

n'ibikoresho byoroshye.

sosiyete igezweho,

Ikirahure gikomeje guteza imbere iterambere ryumuryango wabantu,

Kuva kuri telesikope yubushakashatsi bwabantu

Ikirahuri cyiza cyakoreshejwe

kuri fibre optique ikirahuri gikoreshwa mugutanga amakuru,

n'amatara yahimbwe na Edison

Zana ikirahuri gitanga urumuri,

Byose byerekana uruhare rukomeye rwibikoresho byikirahure.

Muri iki gihe,

Ikirahuri kirahujwe

buri kintu cyose mubuzima bwacu.

Mu murima gakondo wo gukoresha buri munsi,

Ibikoresho by'ikirahure bizana ibikorwa,

Igihe kimwe, byongera ubwiza n'amarangamutima mubuzima bwacu.

Mu rwego rwa elegitoroniki y'abaguzi,

terefone zigendanwa, mudasobwa,

LCD TV, amatara ya LED nibindi bicuruzwa bya elegitoroniki

Ntabwo hakenewe ibintu byiza byibikoresho byibirahure.

Mu rwego rwo gupakira imiti,

Ikirahure gifitanye isano rya bugufi nubuzima bwacu.

Mu rwego rwo guteza imbere ingufu nshya,

Ntishobora gutandukana hifashishijwe ibikoresho byibirahure.

Ikirahuri cya Photovoltaque kiva kumafoto

kubaka ikirahure gikoresha ingufu

Kimwe n'ibinyabiziga byerekana ibirahuri n'ibirahure by'imodoka,

Ibikoresho by'ibirahure mubice byinshi

ifite uruhare rudasubirwaho.

Mugihe cyimyaka irenga 4000 yo gukoresha,

Ikirahure hamwe na societe yabantu

Kubana neza no kuzamura hamwe,

kumenyekana cyane na rubanda

Icyatsi, cyangiza ibidukikije kandi gishobora gukoreshwa

ibikoresho bitangiza ibidukikije,

hafi yabantu

Iterambere ryose niterambere,

Hano hari ibikoresho by'ibirahure.

Inkomoko yibikoresho byikirahure ni icyatsi

Mubintu bya silikatike bigize imiterere nyamukuru yikirahure, silicon nikimwe mubintu byinshi cyane mubutaka bwisi, kandi silikoni ibaho muburyo bwamabuye y'agaciro muri kamere.

Ibikoresho fatizo bikoreshwa mubirahuri ahanini ni umucanga wa quartz, borax, ivu rya soda, hekeste, nibindi. Ukurikije ibisabwa bitandukanye byerekana ibirahure, umubare muto wibindi bikoresho fatizo bifasha ushobora kongerwamo kugirango uhindure imikorere yikirahure.

Ibikoresho fatizo ntacyo byangiza kubidukikije mugihe hafashwe ingamba zo gukingira mugihe cyo gukoresha.

Byongeye kandi, hamwe n’iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga ry’ibirahure, guhitamo ibikoresho fatizo byahindutse ibikoresho bidafite ubumara butangiza umubiri w’umuntu ndetse n’ibidukikije, kandi hariho ingamba zo kurinda umutekano zikuze mu buryo bwo gukoresha kugira ngo icyatsi kibe cyiza kandi gifite ubuzima bwiza imiterere y'ibikoresho by'ibirahure.

Uburyo bwo gukora ibirahuri bugizwe ahanini nintambwe enye: guteka, gushonga, gukora no gufatira hamwe, no gutunganya. Ibikorwa byose byakozwe byageze ahanini mubikorwa byubwenge no kugenzura.

Umukoresha arashobora gushiraho no guhindura ibipimo byimikorere mubyumba byubugenzuzi gusa, kandi agashyira mubikorwa igenzurwa ryibikorwa byose byakozwe, bigabanya cyane ubukana bwakazi kandi bikazamura imikorere yabakozi.

Mu gihe cyo gukora ibirahure, hashyizweho ingingo nyinshi z’ubuziranenge n’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere hagamijwe kugenzura ibyuka bihumanya ikirere mu gihe cy’umusaruro no kwemeza neza ko umusaruro w’ibirahure wujuje ubuziranenge bw’igihugu.

Kugeza ubu, mugikorwa cyo gukora ibirahure, isoko nyamukuru yubushyuhe mugikorwa cyo gushonga ibirahure ni ingufu zisukuye, zishyigikirwa cyane nibihugu nka lisansi gasanzwe n amashanyarazi.

Hamwe niterambere niterambere ryikoranabuhanga ribyara ibirahure, ikoreshwa rya tekinoroji ya oxyfuel hamwe nubuhanga bwo gushonga amashanyarazi mugukora ibirahure byazamuye cyane ubushyuhe bwumuriro, kugabanya gukoresha ingufu no kuzigama ingufu.

Kubera ko uburyo bwo gutwika bukoresha ogisijeni ifite isuku igera kuri 95%, ibirimo okiside ya azote mu bicuruzwa byatwitswe biragabanuka, kandi ubushyuhe bwa gaze yo mu kirere cyo hejuru y’ubushyuhe buturuka ku gutwikwa nabwo bugarurwa kugira ngo bushyuhe kandi butange amashanyarazi.

Muri icyo gihe kandi, mu rwego rwo kurushaho kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, uruganda rw’ibirahuri rwakoze desulfurizasiya, denitrification ndetse no kuvanaho ivumbi kuri gaze ya flue kugirango hagabanuke ibyuka bihumanya.

Amazi mu nganda zikoreshwa mubirahuri akoreshwa cyane cyane mugukonjesha umusaruro, ushobora kumenya gutunganya amazi. Kubera ko ikirahure gihamye cyane, ntikizanduza amazi akonje, kandi uruganda rwikirahure rufite uburyo bwigenga bwo kuzenguruka, bityo umusaruro wose ntuzatanga amazi yimyanda.