Ivumburwa n'ubwihindurize bw'uwabigena ni imashini ikora icupa
Mu ntangiriro ya 1920, uwabanjirije isosiyete ya Buch Emhart muri Hartford yavutse imashini ya mbere yemewe (igice cya mbere), buri tsinda rirashobora guhagarara no guhindura ibumba ryigenga, kandi imikorere n'imiyoborere no kuyobora byoroshye. Nibice bine ni row-ubwoko bwicupa ryamacupa. Gusaba Patenti byatanzwe ku ya 30 Kanama 1924, kandi ntibyahawe kugeza ku ya 2 Gashyantare 1932.. Nyuma yuko icyitegererezo cyakomeje kugurisha ubucuruzi mu 1927, Rwongeye gukundwa cyane.
Kuva imyitozo yo kwikorera ipanze, yanyuze mu byiciro bitatu byasize tekinoroji y'ikoranabuhanga: (Ibihe 3 by'ikoranabuhanga bigera kuri ubu)
1 Iterambere ryubukanishi ni imashini
Mu mateka maremare kuva 1925 kugeza 1985, imashini ikora-imashini ikoresha amacupa yari imashini nkuru mu nganda zikora icupa. Ningengo yingoma / pneumatike ya pneumatike (ingoma yingoma / pneumatique).
Iyo ingoma ya mashini ihuye, nkuko ingoma izenguruka buto ya valve ku ngorora ifungura no gufunga valve valve valve, kandi umwuka ufunzwe utwara silinderi (Cylinder) kugirango usubiremo. Kora ibikorwa byuzuye ukurikije inzira yo gushinga.
2 1980-2016 PIST (Uyu munsi), igihe cya elegitoronike gari ya moshi AIS (Ikimenyetso cya buri muntu), icyiciro cya elegitoronike cyo kugenzura / kwimuka / imiyoboro ya pneumatike) yahise ashyira mubikorwa.
Ikoresha tekinoroji ya microelectronic kugenzura ibikorwa byo gushiraho nkibikoresho byo gutaha nigihe. Ubwa mbere, ibimenyetso byamashanyarazi bigenzura valve ya solenoid (solenoid) kugirango ibone ibikorwa byamashanyarazi, hamwe numuyaga muto ufunzwe unyuze hejuru no gufunga valve yo gufungura no gufunga kugirango ugenzure valve (Cartridge). Hanyuma ugenzure telesikopi yimuka ya silinderi yo gutwara. Ni ukuvuga, ibyo bita amashanyarazi bigenzura umwuka wijimye, kandi umwuka wimihasha ugenzura ikirere. Nka makuru yamashanyarazi, ibimenyetso byamashanyarazi birashobora kwimurwa, kubikwa, bifite isuku no guhanahana. Kubwibyo, isura yimashini yigihe ya elegitoronike AIS yazanye urukurikirane rw'ubushyari mu mashini itanga icupa.
Kugeza ubu, icupa ryinshi ryikirahure kandi rishobora gutunga murugo no mumahanga Koresha ubu bwoko bwimashini ikora icupa.
3 2010-2016, imashini yuzuye-ya servo umurongo nis, (urwego rushya, amashanyarazi / icyerekezo cyamashanyarazi). Amashanyarazi yakoreshejwe mu imashini zikora amacupa kuva 2000. Bakoreshwaga bwa mbere mu gufungura no gufatanya amacupa ku mashini yo gukora icupa. Ihame nuko ibimenyetso bya microelekeronic bikorozwa numuzunguruko bigenzura kandi bigatwara ibikorwa bya moteri ya servo.
Kubera ko moteri ya servo idafite ikinyabiziga cya pneumatike, ifite ibyiza byo gukoresha ingufu nke, nta rusaku no kugenzura byoroshye. Noneho yateye imbere mu mashini yuzuye ya serdo. Ariko, urebye ko ntanganda nyinshi zikoresha amacupa yuzuye-ya serdo yuzuye mu Bushinwa, nzamenyekanisha ibi bikurikira ukurikije ubumenyi bwanjye buto:
Amateka niterambere rya Motor Motors
Mugihe cyo hagati kugeza mu mpera za 1980, amasosiyete akomeye kwisi yari afite ibicuruzwa byuzuye. Kubwibyo, moteri ya servo yazamuwe cyane, kandi hariho byinshi byo gusaba moteri ya servo. Igihe cyose hari isoko yimbaraga, kandi hariho icyifuzo cyo kumenya neza, birashobora kubamo muri moteri ya servo. Nk'ibikoresho bitandukanye by'imashini bitunganya, ibikoresho byo gucapa, ibikoresho byo gupakira, ibikoresho by'imyenda, ibikoresho byo gutunganya ibicuruzwa, imirongo yo gutunganya ibicuruzwa, imirongo itandukanye y'umusaruro kandi kuri. Ibikoresho bisaba uburyo bwo hejuru cyane, gutunganya imikorere no kwizerwa kukazi birashobora gukoreshwa. Mu myaka 20 ishize, icupa ryamahanga rikora imashini kandi ryemeje kandi moteri yo gukora imashini zikora amacupa, kandi zakoreshejwe neza mumirongo isabwa. Urugero.
Ibigize moteri ya servo
Umushoferi
Intego yo gukora ya servo gutwara ahanini ishingiye kumabwiriza (P, V, T) yatanzwe numugenzuzi wo hejuru.
Moteri ya Servo igomba kugira umushoferi kuzunguruka. Mubisanzwe, twita moteri ya servo harimo umushoferi wacyo. Igizwe na moteri ya servo ihuye numushoferi. Uburyo rusange bwo kugenzura moteri yo kugenzura muri rusange bugabanijwemo uburyo butatu bwo kugenzura: Servogo ya Wordo (P PORMO (VORGADELE Provogo (v itegeko), na Tordo (Tord Servo (Tordor Ventgo (Tordor Vervo (Tord Ercor). Uburyo bwinshi bwo kugenzura ni umwanya wa servo hamwe na serdo.rvolvo moteri
Ucator na rotor ya moteri ya servo igizwe na magneti zihoraho cyangwa icyuma. Magneti ihoraho itanga umurima wa rukuruzi kandi icyuma core kandi kizabyara umurima wa rukuru nyuma yo guhabwa imbaraga. Imikoranire hagati yumurongo wa ruguru muri magikeri hamwe na rotor magnetic yatera kuri Torque kandi izunguruka kugirango yirukane umutwaro, kugirango yimure ingufu z'amashanyarazi muburyo bwa magnetic. Yahinduwe mu ingufu za mashini, moteri ya servo izunguruka iyo hari ibimenyetso byo kugenzura, kandi bihagarara mugihe nta bimenyetso byinjizwa. Muguhindura ibimenyetso byo kugenzura no ku giti (cyangwa polarity), umuvuduko nicyerekezo cya moteri ya servo kirashobora guhinduka. Rotor imbere ya seriveri ni magnet ihoraho. U / V / W Icyiciro cyicyiciro cya gatatu kigenzurwa numushoferi gukora umurima wa electronagnetic, kandi rotor zizunguruka ziyobowe numushoferi uherereye hamwe na moteri yatanzwe kugirango uhindure inguni ya rotor. Ukuri kwa moteri ya servo bigenwa nukuri kwa kode (umubare wimirongo)
Encoder
Ku ntego ya servo, Encoder yashizwemo itera ibisohokamo moteri. Moteri na kode izunguruka neza, kandi koden kandi izunguruka kandi hafi ya moteri izunguruka. Mugihe kimwe cyo kuzunguruka, ibimenyetso bya kodegisi byoherejwe kubashoferi, kandi umushoferi acira urubanza, kandi umwanya, etc.
Sisitemu ya servo ni sisitemu yo kugenzura byikora ituma ingano igenzurwa numwanya, icyerekezo, na leta yikintu kugirango ukurikize impinduka zinjiza (cyangwa ahabwa agaciro). Servo yayo ikurikirana cyane cyane yishingikirije kumwanya wo guhagarara, ishobora kumvikana ahanini: bityo ifite ubushobozi bwo kohereza imfuruka, bityo ifite ubushobozi bwo kohereza imfuruka, kuko buri gihe izenguruka imikorere ya selvo, bityo ifite ubushobozi bwo kohereza imfuruka, bityo ifite ubushobozi bwo kohereza imfuruka, kuko buri gihe izenguruka impinja, bityo ifite ubushobozi bwo kohereza inguni, bityo ifite ubushobozi bwo kohereza imfuruka, bityo ifite ubushobozi bwo kohereza imfuruka, bityo ifite ubushobozi bwo kohereza ingumi, bityo ifite ubushobozi bwo kohereza imfuruka, kuko buri gihe izenguruka imfuruka, bityo ifite ubushobozi bwo kuzenguruka moteri ya servo, no guhana amakuru namakuru, cyangwa loop ifunze. Ni kangahe woherejwe kuri moteri ya servo, kandi ni bangahe bakiriwe icyarimwe, ku buryo guhindura moteri bishobora kugenzurwa neza, kugira ngo bigere ku mwanya usobanutse. Nyuma, bizazunguruka mugihe gito bitewe na Ineza, hanyuma uhagarare. Moteri ya Servo ni uguhagarara iyo ihagaze, no kugenda iyo bivugwa ko zigenda, kandi igisubizo kirahuje cyane, kandi nta gutakaza intambwe. Ukuri kwayo birashobora kugera kuri 0.001 mm. Muri icyo gihe, igihe cyo gusubiza gifite imbaraga cyo kwihutisha no kwihutisha moteri ya servo nacyo muri milisegonda mirongo (1 ya kabiri bingana na milisegonda ya servo hamwe na sisitemu ya servo, hamwe na moteri ya servo, namakuru hagati yabo, namakuru hagati yabo akora a Gufunga. Kubwibyo, ubuyobozi bwayo buhuza ukuri ni hejuru cyane
Igihe cya nyuma: Werurwe-14-2022