Uru rupapuro rutangiza uburyo bwo gusudira spray kumacupa yikirahure irashobora kubumba ibintu bitatu
Umuce wa mbere: uburyo bwo gusudira spray kumacupa kandi birashobora kubumba ibirahure, harimo gusudira intoki, gusudira kwa plasma spray, gusudira laser spray, nibindi.
Inzira isanzwe yo gusudira ibumba - gusudira plasma spray, iherutse gutera intambwe nshya mumahanga, hamwe no kuzamura ikoranabuhanga hamwe nibikorwa byongerewe imbaraga cyane, bizwi nka "micro plasma spray welding".
Micro plasma spray welding irashobora gufasha ibigo kubumba kugabanya cyane igiciro cyishoramari nogutanga amasoko, kubungabunga igihe kirekire nibikoreshwa mugukoresha, kandi ibikoresho birashobora gutera ibintu byinshi mubikorwa. Gusimbuza gusa spray welding torch umutwe birashobora guhaza spray yo gusudira ibikenewe mubikorwa bitandukanye.
2.1 Ni ubuhe busobanuro bwihariye bwa "ifu ya nikel ishingiye ku bicuruzwa biva mu mahanga"
Ntabwo ari ukutumva gufata "nikel" nk'ibikoresho byambaye, mubyukuri, ifu ya nikel ishingiye kuri nikel ni ifu igizwe na nikel (Ni), chromium (Cr), boron (B) na silicon (Si). Iyi mavuta irangwa no gushonga kwayo, kuva kuri 1.020 ° C kugeza 1.050 ° C.
Ikintu nyamukuru kiganisha ku gukoresha cyane ifu ya nikel ishingiye kuri nikel (nikel, chromium, boron, silicon) nkibikoresho byo kwambika isoko ku isoko ryose ni uko ifu ya nikel ishingiye ku bicuruzwa biva mu bwoko bwa nikel bifite ubunini butandukanye byatejwe imbere ku isoko. . Nanone, ibinyomoro bishingiye kuri nikel byashyizwe mu buryo bworoshye no gusudira gaze ya oxy-lisansi (OFW) kuva mu ntangiriro zabo za mbere kubera aho bishonga bike, byoroshye, no koroshya kugenzura icyuzi cyasudwe.
Oxygene ya lisansi yo gusudira (OFW) igizwe n'ibyiciro bibiri bitandukanye: icyiciro cya mbere, cyitwa icyiciro cyo kubitsa, aho ifu yo gusudira ishonga kandi igafatira hejuru yakazi; Gushonga kugirango ugabanye kandi bigabanye ubukana.
Ikigomba kugaragazwa ko icyiciro cyiswe remelting kigerwaho no gutandukanya aho gushonga hagati yicyuma fatizo na nikel alloy, bishobora kuba ferritic cast fer ifite aho ishonga ya 1,350 kugeza 1,400 ° C cyangwa gushonga ingingo ya 1,370 kugeza 1.500 ° C ya C40 ibyuma bya karubone (UNI 7845–78). Itandukaniro ryo gushonga ryemeza ko nikel, chromium, boron, na silicon ivanze bitazatera kuvugurura ibyuma fatizo mugihe biri mubushyuhe bwicyiciro.
Ariko, nikel alloy depozisiyo irashobora kandi kugerwaho mugushira isaro rinini cyane bitabaye ngombwa ko hajyaho uburyo bwo kuyisubiramo: ibi bisaba ubufasha bwa plasma arc welding (PTA).
2.2 Ifu ya Nickel ishingiye ku kugurisha ifu ikoreshwa mu kwambika punch / intoki mu nganda z’ibirahure
Kubera izo mpamvu, inganda zikirahure zisanzwe zahisemo nikel zishingiye kuri nikel kugirango zishire hejuru. Gutanga amavuta ashingiye kuri nikel birashobora kugerwaho haba mu gusudira gaze ya oxy-lisansi (OFW) cyangwa no gutera spersonic flame spray (HVOF), mugihe gahunda yo kuyisubiramo irashobora kugerwaho hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gushyushya induction cyangwa gusudira gaze ya oxy-lisansi (OFW) . Na none kandi, itandukaniro ryo gushonga hagati yicyuma fatizo na nikel alloy nicyo kintu cyingenzi gisabwa, bitabaye ibyo kwambara ntibishoboka.
Nickel, chromium, boron, silicon alloys irashobora kugerwaho ukoresheje Plasma Transfer Arc Technology (PTA), nka Plasma Welding (PTAW), cyangwa Tungsten Inert Gas Welding (GTAW), mugihe umukiriya afite amahugurwa yo gutegura gazi ya inert.
Ubukomezi bwa nikel bushingiye kuri nikel buratandukanye ukurikije ibisabwa nakazi, ariko mubisanzwe ni hagati ya 30 HRC na 60 HRC.
2.3 Mugihe cy'ubushyuhe bwo hejuru, umuvuduko wa nikel ushingiye kuri nikel ni munini
Ubukomezi bwavuzwe haruguru bivuga ubukana bwubushyuhe bwicyumba. Nyamara, mubushyuhe bwo hejuru bukora ibidukikije, ubukana bwa nikel bushingiye kumavuta buragabanuka.
Nkuko byerekanwe hejuru, nubwo ubukana bwamavuta ashingiye kuri cobalt ari munsi yubwa alikeli ishingiye kuri nikel ku bushyuhe bwicyumba, ubukana bwamavuta ashingiye kuri cobalt burakomeye cyane kuruta ubw'ibivangwa na nikel ku bushyuhe bwinshi (nko gukora ibumba ubushyuhe).
Igishushanyo gikurikira cyerekana impinduka mubukomere bwamavuta atandukanye yo kugurisha hamwe nubushyuhe bwiyongera:
2.4 Ni ubuhe busobanuro bwihariye bwa "ifu ya cobalt ishingiye ku mavuta yo kugurisha"?
Urebye cobalt nk'ibikoresho byambaye, mubyukuri ni umusemburo ugizwe na cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), tungsten (W), cyangwa cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), na molybdenum (Mo). Mubisanzwe byitwa "Stellite" ifu yo kugurisha, ibinyobwa bishingiye kuri cobalt bifite karbide na boride kugirango bikore ubukana bwabo. Amavuta amwe n'amwe ya cobalt arimo karubone 2,5%. Ikintu nyamukuru kiranga amavuta ya cobalt nubukomezi bwabo bukabije no mubushyuhe bwinshi.
2.5 Ibibazo byahuye nabyo mugihe cyo gushira kwa cobalt ishingiye ku mavuta / hejuru:
Ikibazo nyamukuru hamwe no gushira kwa cobalt ishingiye ku mavuta bifitanye isano no gushonga kwayo. Mubyukuri, aho gushonga kobalt ishingiye kuri cobalt ni 1,375 ~ 1,400 ° C, ni hafi gushonga ibyuma bya karubone hamwe nicyuma. Hypothetically, niba tugomba gukoresha okiside-lisansi yo gusudira (OFW) cyangwa hypersonic flame spray (HVOF), hanyuma mugihe cya "remelting", icyuma fatizo nacyo cyashonga.
Amahitamo yonyine yo kubitsa ifu ya cobalt kuri punch / core ni: Transferred Plasma Arc (PTA).
2.6 Kubijyanye no gukonja
Nkuko byasobanuwe haruguru, ikoreshwa rya Oxygene Fuel Gas Welding (OFW) hamwe na Hypersonic Flame Spray (HVOF) bisobanura ko ifu yabitswemo icyarimwe yashonga kandi ikubahirizwa. Mubyiciro byakurikiyeho byo gusubiramo, isaro y'umurongo weld irashishwa kandi imyenge iruzura.
Birashobora kugaragara ko ihuriro riri hagati yicyuma cyibanze nubuso bwambaye neza kandi nta nkomyi. Ibipfunsi mu kizamini byari kumurongo umwe (icupa) kubyara umusaruro, gukubita ukoresheje gaze ya oxy-lisansi yo gusudira (OFW) cyangwa gutera umuriro wa supersonic flame (HVOF), gukubita ukoresheje plasma yimuwe arc (PTA), byerekanwe murimwe Munsi yumuyaga ukonje , plasma yohereza arc (PTA) punch yubushyuhe bwo gukora ni 100 ° C munsi.
2.7 Kubijyanye no gutunganya
Imashini ninzira yingenzi cyane mubikorwa bya punch / intangiriro. Nkuko byavuzwe haruguru, birababaje cyane kubitsa ifu yabagurisha (kuri punch / cores) hamwe no kugabanuka gukabije kubushyuhe bwinshi. Imwe mu mpamvu zibitera gukora; gutunganya kuri 60HRC gukomera alloy kugurisha ifu iragoye rwose, guhatira abakiriya guhitamo ibipimo bike gusa mugihe bashizeho ibipimo byibikoresho (guhindura ibikoresho byihuta, kugaburira umuvuduko, ubujyakuzimu…). Gukoresha uburyo bumwe bwo gusudira spray kuri 45HRC ifu yifu byoroshye byoroshye; ibikoresho byo guhindura ibipimo nabyo birashobora gushyirwaho hejuru, kandi imashini ubwayo izoroha kurangiza.
2.8 Kubijyanye nuburemere bwifu yabaguzi yabitswe
Inzira yo gusudira gaze ya oxy-lisansi (OFW) hamwe no gutera flame ya supersonic flame (HVOF) ifite igipimo kinini cyo gutakaza ifu, ishobora kugera kuri 70% mugukurikiza ibikoresho byambaye kumurimo. Niba gusudira intandaro yo gusudira bisaba garama 30 zifu yifu yo kugurisha, bivuze ko imbunda yo gusudira igomba gutera garama 100 yifu yifu.
Kugeza ubu, igipimo cyo gutakaza ifu ya plasma yimuwe arc (PTA) ni hafi 3% kugeza 5%. Kuri kimwe kimwe, imbunda yo gusudira ikenera gutera garama 32 z'ifu y'ifu.
2.9 Kubijyanye nigihe cyo kubitsa
Oxy-lisansi yo gusudira (OFW) hamwe na spersonic flame spray (HVOF) ibihe byo gushira ni bimwe. Kurugero, kubitsa no gusubiramo igihe kimwe cyo guhuha ni iminota 5. Ubuhanga bwa Plasma Transferred Arc (PTA) nabwo busaba iminota 5 imwe kugirango ugere ku gukomera kwuzuye hejuru yakazi (plasma yimuwe arc).
Amashusho ari hepfo yerekana ibisubizo byo kugereranya hagati yizi nzira zombi no kwimura plasma arc gusudira (PTA).
Kugereranya ibipfunsi byo kwambara nikel hamwe na cobalt. Ibisubizo byo gukora ibizamini kumurongo umwe wibyakozwe byerekanaga ko udukingirizo dushingiye kuri cobalt twamaraga inshuro 3 kurenza inkoni zishingiye kuri nikel, kandi amakariso ashingiye kuri cobalt ntagaragaza "gutesha agaciro" .Icyiciro cya gatatu: Ibibazo n'ibisubizo bijyanye n'ikiganiro twagiranye na Bwana Claudio Corni, impuguke mu gusudira spray yo mu Butaliyani, kubyerekeye gusudira kwuzuye kwa spray mu cyuho
Ikibazo 1: Ni ubuhe burebure urwego rwo gusudira rusabwa muburyo bwa cavity yuzuye gusudira? Ubunini bwa Solder buragira ingaruka kumikorere?
Igisubizo 1: Ndasaba ko ubunini ntarengwa bwurwego rwo gusudira ari 2 ~ 2,5mm, naho amplitude ya oscillation yashyizwe kuri 5mm; niba umukiriya akoresheje ubunini bunini, ikibazo cya "lap joint" gishobora guhura nacyo.
Ikibazo 2: Kuki utakoresha swing nini ya OSC = 30mm mugice kigororotse (usabwa gushiraho 5mm)? Ibi ntibyaba byiza cyane? Haba hari ubusobanuro bwihariye kuri 5mm swing?
Igisubizo 2: Ndasaba ko igice kigororotse nacyo cyakoresha swing ya 5mm kugirango ugumane ubushyuhe bukwiye kubibumbano;
Niba 30mm ya swing ikoreshwa, umuvuduko wa spray utinda cyane ugomba gushyirwaho, ubushyuhe bwakazi buzaba buri hejuru cyane, kandi kugabanuka kwicyuma fatizo biba hejuru cyane, kandi ubukana bwibintu byuzuze byatakaye bingana na 10 HRC. Ikindi gitekerezwaho ni impungenge ziterwa nakazi (kubera ubushyuhe bwinshi), byongera amahirwe yo guturika.
Hamwe na swing ya 5mm z'ubugari, umuvuduko wumurongo urihuta, kugenzura neza birashobora kuboneka, imfuruka nziza zarakozwe, imiterere yubukanishi bwibikoresho byuzuye iragumaho, kandi igihombo ni 2 ~ 3 HRC gusa.
Q3: Nibihe bisabwa bigize ifu yo kugurisha? Nihe ifu yo kugurisha ikwiranye no gusudira cavity spray?
A3: Ndasaba inama yo kugurisha ifu ya 30PSP, niba habaye gucika, koresha 23PSP kumashanyarazi (koresha icyitegererezo cya PP kumuringa).
Q4: Niyihe mpamvu yo guhitamo ibyuma byangirika? Ni ikihe kibazo cyo gukoresha ibyuma bisize imvi?
Igisubizo cya 4: Mu Burayi, ubusanzwe dukoresha icyuma cyitwa nodular cast, kubera ko icyuma cyitwa nodular (amazina abiri yicyongereza: Nodular cast iron na Ductile cast iron), izina riraboneka kuko igishushanyo kirimo kirimo muburyo bwa serefegitura munsi ya microscope; bitandukanye na plaque Icyuma gikozwe mucyatsi kibisi (mubyukuri, gishobora kwitwa neza "icyuma cya laminate"). Itandukaniro ryibigize rigena itandukaniro nyamukuru riri hagati yicyuma cyumubyimba na laminate yicyuma: imirima itera geometrike irwanya ikwirakwizwa bityo ikagira ihinduka rikomeye riranga. Byongeye kandi, imiterere ya grafitike ya grafite, urebye ingano ingana, ifata ubuso buke, bigatuma yangirika cyane kubintu, bityo ikabona ibintu byiza. Uhereye ku mikoreshereze ya mbere y’inganda mu 1948, ibyuma byangiza byahindutse inzira nziza yicyuma (nibindi byuma), bituma igiciro gito, gikora neza.
Gukwirakwiza imikorere yicyuma cyumubyimba bitewe nibiranga, bihujwe no gukata byoroshye no guhinduranya ibintu biranga ibyuma, Ikigereranyo cyiza cyo gukurura / uburemere
imashini nziza
igiciro gito
Igiciro cyigice gifite imbaraga nziza
Ihuza ryiza ryimiterere irambuye
Ikibazo 5: Niki cyiza kuramba hamwe no gukomera gukomeye no gukomera?
A5: Urutonde rwose ni 35 ~ 21 HRC, ndasaba gukoresha ifu ya PSP 30 yo kugurisha kugirango ubone agaciro gakomeye hafi 28 HRC.
Gukomera ntabwo bifitanye isano itaziguye nubuzima bwububiko, itandukaniro nyamukuru mubuzima bwa serivisi nuburyo ubuso bwububiko “butwikiriwe” nibikoresho byakoreshejwe.
Gusudira intoki, ibintu bifatika (gusudira hamwe nicyuma fatizo) guhuza ibishushanyo byabonetse ntabwo ari byiza nkibya plasma ya PTA, kandi ibishushanyo bikunze kugaragara mubikorwa byo gukora ibirahure.
Ikibazo 6: Nigute ushobora gukora spray yuzuye yo gusudira mumyanya y'imbere? Nigute ushobora kumenya no kugenzura ubuziranenge bwabacuruzi?
Igisubizo cya 6: Ndasaba gushiraho umuvuduko muke wa powder kumudozi wa PTA, utarenze 10RPM; guhera kumpande yigitugu, komeza intera kuri 5mm kugirango usudire amasaro abangikanye.
Andika kurangiza:
Mubihe byimpinduka zikoranabuhanga byihuse, siyanse nikoranabuhanga bitera iterambere ryibigo na societe; gusudira gusudira kumurimo umwe urashobora kugerwaho muburyo butandukanye. Ku ruganda rwubatswe, usibye gusuzuma ibyifuzo byabakiriya bayo, inzira igomba gukoreshwa, igomba no kuzirikana imikorere yikiguzi cyo gushora ibikoresho, guhuza ibikoresho, kubungabunga no gukoresha amafaranga yo gukoresha nyuma, kandi niba ibikoresho birashobora gukwirakwiza ibicuruzwa byinshi. Micro plasma spray welding ntagushidikanya itanga amahitamo meza yinganda zibumba.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jun-17-2022