Munsi yubukungu bwicyatsi, ibicuruzwa bipakira ibirahuri nkamacupa yikirahure bishobora kugira amahirwe mashya

Kugeza ubu, “umwanda wera” umaze kuba ikibazo cy’imibereho ihangayikishije ibihugu ku isi yose. Ikintu kimwe cyangwa bibiri birashobora kugaragara mugihugu cyanjye kigenda kigenzura umuvuduko ukabije wo kurengera ibidukikije. Mu kibazo gikomeye cyo kubaho kw’ikirere cy’ikirere, igihugu cyibanze ku iterambere ry’ubukungu bw’ibidukikije. Ibigo kandi byita cyane ku iterambere no kuzamura ibicuruzwa bibisi. Isoko ryamasoko hamwe ninshingano mbonezamubano hamwe byabyaye icyiciro cyibigo bishinzwe gukurikirana uburyo bwo kubyaza umusaruro icyatsi.

Ikirahure gihuza n'ibisabwa byo gupakira ibirahuri no kumenyekanisha icyatsi. Yitwa ubwoko bushya bwibikoresho byo gupakira bitewe no kurengera ibidukikije, kutagira umwuka mwiza, kurwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi, no kuboneza urubyaro byoroshye, kandi bifite uruhare runini ku isoko. Ku rundi ruhande, hamwe n’ubwiyongere bw’abaturage mu bijyanye no kurengera ibidukikije no kubungabunga umutungo, ibikoresho byo gupakira ibirahure byahindutse buhoro buhoro ibikoresho byo gupakira, kandi abaguzi bamenya ibikoresho bipakira ibirahure nabyo byakomeje kwiyongera.

Ikintu cyitwa ibirahure bipfunyika ibirahure, nkuko izina ribivuga, ni ikintu kibonerana gikozwe mu kirahure cyashongeshejwe mu guhuha no kubumba. Ugereranije no gupakira gakondo, ifite ibyiza byo guhindura ibintu bike mubintu, kwangirika kwiza no kurwanya aside irwanya ruswa, ibyiza bya bariyeri n'ingaruka zo gufunga, kandi birashobora kubyara mu ziko. Kubwibyo, ikoreshwa cyane mubinyobwa, imiti nizindi nzego. Mu myaka yashize, nubwo icyifuzo cyibikoresho byo gupakira ibirahuri kumasoko mpuzamahanga byagaragaje ko byagabanutse, ibikoresho byo gupakira ibirahure biracyiyongera cyane mugupakira no kubika ubwoko butandukanye bwinzoga, ibiribwa, imiti yimiti, nibindi bikenerwa buri munsi.

Ku rwego rw’igihugu, kubera ko “ivugurura ry’imiterere y’ibicuruzwa” n’intambara yo gukingira ibidukikije ikomeje gutera imbere kandi kugera ku nganda bigenda bikomera, igihugu cyanjye cyashyizeho politiki yo gukoresha ibirahuri ikoreshwa buri munsi kugira ngo igenzure umusaruro, imikorere na imyitwarire yishoramari yinganda zikoreshwa buri munsi. Guteza imbere kuzigama ingufu, kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya n’umusaruro usukuye, no kuyobora iterambere ry’inganda zikoresha ibirahuri bya buri munsi mu nganda zibika umutungo kandi zangiza ibidukikije.

Ku rwego rw’isoko, mu rwego rwo guhuza n’amarushanwa akaze ku isoko mpuzamahanga ryo gupakira, bamwe mu bakora ibicuruzwa bipakira ibirahuri by’amahanga ndetse n’ishami ry’ubushakashatsi mu bya siyansi bakomeje kwinjiza ibikoresho bishya no gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rishya, ryateye intambwe nini mu gukora ibikoresho byo gupakira ibirahure. Umusaruro rusange wibikoresho bipfunyika ibirahure byakomeje gukura. Nk’uko imibare yatangajwe na Qianzhan.com ibigaragaza, hamwe no kwiyongera kw'ibinyobwa binyobwa bisindisha, biteganijwe ko muri 2018 umusaruro uzagera kuri toni 19.703.400.

Mu buryo bufite intego, igipimo rusange cyinganda zipakira ibirahuri inganda zikomeza kwiyongera, kandi ubushobozi bwibikoresho byo gupakira ibirahuri byigihugu byiyongera byihuse. Twabibutsa ko ibikoresho byo gupakira ibirahuri nabyo bifite ibitagenda neza, kandi byoroshye kumeneka nimwe mubitagenda neza. Kubwibyo, ingaruka zo kurwanya ingaruka zamacupa yikirahure hamwe nibikopo byahindutse ikintu cyingenzi cyo kugerageza. Mubihe bimwe na bimwe byo kwemeza imbaraga zipakira ibirahure, kugabanya uburemere-nubunini bwamacupa yikirahure bigamije kuzamura icyatsi nubukungu. Muri icyo gihe, hagomba no kwitabwaho uburemere buke bwo gupakira ibirahure.

Gupakira amacupa yikirahure byafashe igice cyisoko hamwe nuruhererekane rwimiterere yumubiri nu miti nko gutuza imiti, gukomera kwikirere, koroshya no gukorera mu mucyo, kurwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi, no kwanduza byoroshye ibirahuri. Mu bihe biri imbere, ibikoresho byo gupakira ibirahuri bigomba kuba bifite iterambere ryagutse.