Ku ya 15 Ukwakira, abashakashatsi bo muri kaminuza y’ikoranabuhanga ya Chalmers muri Suwede bakoze neza ubwoko bushya bw’ikirahure kirenze urugero kandi kiramba gishobora gukoreshwa harimo ubuvuzi, ibyuma bigezweho bya digitale hamwe n’ikoranabuhanga ry’izuba. Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko uburyo bwo kuvanga molekile nyinshi (kugeza umunani icyarimwe) zishobora gutanga ibikoresho bikora neza nkibikoresho byiza bikora ibirahure bizwi ubu.
Ikirahure, kizwi kandi nka "amorphous solid", ni ibikoresho bidafite urwego rurerure rwateganijwe-ntibikora kristu. Kurundi ruhande, ibikoresho bya kristu ni ibikoresho bifite gahunda itondekanye kandi isubiramo.
Ibikoresho dukunze kwita "ikirahure" mubuzima bwa buri munsi ahanini bishingiye kuri silika, ariko ikirahure gishobora gukorwa mubikoresho byinshi bitandukanye. Kubwibyo, abashakashatsi bahora bashishikajwe no gushakisha uburyo bushya bwo gushishikariza ibikoresho bitandukanye gushiraho iyi leta ya amorphous, bishobora kuganisha ku iterambere ryibirahure bishya bifite imitunganyirize myiza hamwe nibisabwa bishya. Ubushakashatsi bushya buherutse gusohoka mu kinyamakuru cya siyansi “Science Advances” bugaragaza intambwe y'ingenzi iganisha ku bushakashatsi.
Noneho, mu kuvanga gusa molekile nyinshi zitandukanye, twahise dufungura ubushobozi bwo gukora ibikoresho bishya kandi byiza. Abiga molekile kama bazi ko gukoresha imvange ya molekile ebyiri cyangwa eshatu zitandukanye zishobora gufasha gukora ibirahure, ariko bake ni bo bashobora kwitega ko kongera molekile nyinshi bizagera ku bisubizo byiza cyane, "itsinda ry’ubushakashatsi ryayoboye ubushakashatsi. Porofeseri Christian Müller wo mu ishami rya chimie n’ubuhanga mu bya shimi muri kaminuza ya Ulms yavuze.
Ibisubizo byiza kubintu byose bigize ibirahuri
Iyo amazi akonje adafite kristu, ikirahuri kirakorwa, inzira yitwa vitrification. Gukoresha imvange ya molekile ebyiri cyangwa eshatu kugirango uteze imbere ibirahure ni igitekerezo gikuze. Nyamara, ingaruka zo kuvanga molekile nyinshi kubushobozi bwo gukora ibirahuri ntibyitabweho cyane.
Abashakashatsi bapimye uruvange rwa molekile zigera kuri umunani zitandukanye za perylene, zonyine zifite ubugome bukabije-iyi miterere ijyanye no koroshya ibintu bikora ibirahure. Ariko kuvanga molekile nyinshi hamwe biganisha ku kugabanuka gukabije kwubugingo no gukora ikirahure gikomeye cyane cyahoze hamwe na ultra-low brittleness.
Ati: “Ubunini bw'ikirahuri twakoze mu bushakashatsi bwacu buri hasi cyane, ibyo bikaba bigaragaza ubushobozi bwiza bwo gukora ibirahure. Ntabwo twapimye gusa ibintu byose kama ahubwo tunapima polymers nibikoresho kama (nkikirahure cyinshi). Ibisubizo nibyiza kuruta ikirahuri gisanzwe. Ubushobozi bwo gukora ibirahuri by'ikirahure ni kimwe mu bintu byerekana ibirahure byiza tuzi, ”ibi bikaba byavuzwe na Sandra Hultmark, umunyeshuri wa dogiteri mu ishami rya chimie na chimique n’umwanditsi mukuru w’ubwo bushakashatsi.
Ongera ubuzima bwibicuruzwa kandi ubike ibikoresho
Porogaramu zingenzi kubirahuri kama bihamye ni kwerekana tekinoroji nka ecran ya OLED hamwe na tekinoroji yingufu zishobora kubaho nka selile izuba.
“OLEDs igizwe n'ibirahuri bya molekile itanga urumuri. Niba bihamye, birashobora kongera uburebure bwa OLED kandi amaherezo bikaramba ”, nk'uko Sandra Hultmark yabisobanuye.
Ubundi buryo bushobora kugirira akamaro ikirahure gihamye ni ibiyobyabwenge. Imiti ya Amorphous irashonga vuba, ifasha kwinjiza vuba ibintu bikora iyo byinjiye. Kubwibyo, ibiyobyabwenge byinshi bifashisha imiti ikora ibirahuri. Ku biyobyabwenge, ni ngombwa ko ibintu bya vitreous bidahinduka mugihe runaka. Kurenza uko imiti yikirahure ihagaze neza, nigihe kirekire cyo kumara ibiyobyabwenge.
Christian Müller yagize ati: "Hamwe n'ibirahure bihamye cyangwa ibikoresho bishya bikora ibirahure, dushobora kongera igihe cya serivisi y'ibicuruzwa byinshi, bityo tukazigama umutungo n'ubukungu".
“Vitrification ya Xinyuanperylene ivanze na ultra-low brittleness” yasohotse mu kinyamakuru cya siyansi “Science Advances”.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-06-2021