Abantu bakunda kunywa vino bagomba kuba bamenyereye cyane ibirango bya vino na corks, kuko dushobora kumenya byinshi kuri vino dusoma ibirango bya vino kandi tukareba vino. Ariko kumacupa ya vino, abanywi benshi ntibayitaho cyane, ariko ntibazi ko amacupa ya vino nayo afite amabanga menshi atazwi.
1. Inkomoko y'amacupa ya divayi
Abantu benshi barashobora kugira amatsiko, kuki divayi nyinshi zicupa mumacupa yikirahure, kandi gake mubikono byicyuma cyangwa amacupa ya plastike?
Divayi yagaragaye bwa mbere mu 6000 mbere ya Yesu, mugihe nta tekinoroji cyangwa ikirahure cyo gukora ibyuma byateye imbere, kereka plastiki. Muri kiriya gihe, divayi nyinshi zari zipakiye mu bibindi. Ahagana mu mwaka wa 3000 mbere ya Yesu, ibicuruzwa by'ibirahure byatangiye kugaragara, kandi muri iki gihe, ibirahure bya divayi byo mu rwego rwo hejuru byatangiye gukorwa mu kirahure. Ugereranije nikirahure cya vino yumwimerere, ibirahure bya divayi birashobora guha vino uburyohe bwiza. Ariko amacupa ya vino aracyabitswe mubibindi byubutaka. Kubera ko urwego rwo gukora ibirahuri rutari hejuru muri kiriya gihe, amacupa yikirahure yakozwe yari yoroshye cyane, ntibyari byoroshye gutwara no kubika vino. Mu kinyejana cya 17, havumbuwe ikintu gikomeye - itanura ryaka amakara. Iri koranabuhanga ryongereye cyane ubushyuhe mugihe ukora ibirahure, bituma abantu bakora ibirahure binini. Muri icyo gihe, hamwe no kugaragara kwa oak corks muri kiriya gihe, amacupa yikirahure yasimbuye neza amajerekani yabanjirije. Kugeza uyu munsi, amacupa yikirahure ntabwo yasimbuwe namabati cyangwa amacupa ya plastike. Icya mbere, biterwa nibintu byamateka na gakondo; icya kabiri, ni ukubera ko amacupa yikirahure ahamye cyane kandi ntabwo azagira ingaruka kumiterere ya vino; icya gatatu, amacupa yikirahure hamwe nigiti cya oak birashobora guhuzwa neza kugirango bitange vino igikundiro cyo gusaza mumacupa.
2. Ibiranga amacupa ya vino
Benshi mu bakunda divayi barashobora kuvuga ibiranga amacupa ya divayi: amacupa ya divayi atukura ni icyatsi, amacupa ya vino yera aragaragara, ubushobozi ni 750, kandi hepfo hari ibinono.
Ubwa mbere, reka turebe ibara ry'icupa rya vino. Nko mu kinyejana cya 17, ibara ry'amacupa ya divayi yari icyatsi. Ibi byagarutsweho nuburyo bwo gukora amacupa icyo gihe. Amacupa ya vino yarimo umwanda mwinshi, bityo amacupa ya vino yari icyatsi. Nyuma, abantu basanze amacupa yicyatsi kibisi yijimye yafashaga kurinda divayi mumacupa kutagira urumuri kandi bigafasha imyaka ya divayi, bityo amacupa menshi ya divayi akorwa icyatsi kibisi. Umuvinyu wera na vino ya rosé mubisanzwe bipakirwa mumacupa ya vino ibonerana, twizeye kuzereka amabara vino yera na vino ya rosé kubakoresha, bishobora guha abantu ibyiyumvo biruhura.
Icya kabiri, ubushobozi bwamacupa ya vino bugizwe nibintu byinshi. Imwe mumpamvu ziracyari guhera mu kinyejana cya 17, mugihe gukora amacupa byakorwaga intoki kandi bigashingira kumashanyarazi. Bitewe nubushobozi bwibihaha byabatera ibirahure, ubunini bwamacupa ya vino muricyo gihe bwari hagati ya 600-800. Impamvu ya kabiri ni ivuka ryikigero kinini cya oak: ingunguru ntoya ya oak yo kohereza yashinzwe kuri litiro 225 icyo gihe, bityo Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’i Burayi washyizeho ubushobozi bw’amacupa ya divayi kuri ml 750 mu kinyejana cya 20. Akabuto gato ka oak gashobora gufata amacupa 300 ya vino nagasanduku 24. Indi mpamvu nuko abantu bamwe batekereza ko ml 750 ishobora gusuka ibirahuri 15 bya divayi ya ml 50, bikwiriye umuryango kunywa ku ifunguro.
Nubwo amacupa menshi ya divayi ari ml 750, ubu hariho amacupa ya vino yubushobozi butandukanye.
Ubwa nyuma, ibinono biri munsi y icupa akenshi usanga ari imigani nabantu benshi, bemeza ko uko ibinure byimbitse biri hasi, niko vino iba nziza. Mubyukuri, ubujyakuzimu bwibiti byo hepfo ntabwo byanze bikunze bifitanye isano nubwiza bwa vino. Amacupa amwe ya vino yabugenewe hamwe na shobuja kugirango imyanda ibe yibanda kumacupa, bikaba byoroshye kuyikuramo mugihe ushushanya. Hamwe nogutezimbere ikoranabuhanga rigezweho rya divayi, ibinyobwa bya divayi birashobora kuyungurura mu buryo butaziguye mugihe cyo gukora divayi, bityo rero ntihakenewe ibinure kugirango bikureho imyanda. Usibye iyi mpamvu, ibiti byo hepfo birashobora koroshya kubika vino. Niba hagati yicupa rya divayi hagaragaye, bizagorana gushyira icupa neza. Ariko hamwe no kunoza ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo gukora amacupa, iki kibazo nacyo cyarakemutse, bityo ibiti byo hepfo y icupa rya vino ntabwo byanze bikunze bifitanye isano nubwiza. Inzoga nyinshi ziracyafite ibiti byo hepfo kugirango bikomeze imigenzo.
3. Amacupa atandukanye
Abakunzi ba vino witonze barashobora gusanga amacupa ya Burgundy atandukanye rwose nuducupa twa Bordeaux. Mubyukuri, hariho ubundi bwoko bwinshi bwamacupa ya divayi usibye amacupa ya Burgundy hamwe nuducupa twa Bordeaux.
1. Icupa rya Bordeaux
Icupa risanzwe rya Bordeaux rifite ubugari bumwe kuva hejuru kugeza hasi, hamwe nigitugu cyihariye, gishobora gukoreshwa mugukuraho imyanda muri vino. Icupa risa nkicyubahiro kandi cyiyubashye, nkintore zubucuruzi. Divayi mu bice byinshi byisi ikorerwa mumacupa ya Bordeaux.
Icupa rya Burgundy
Hasi ni inkingi, kandi igitugu ni umurongo mwiza, nkumudamu mwiza.
3. Icupa rya Chateauneuf du Pape
Bisa n'icupa rya Burgundy, ryoroshye gato kandi rirerire kuruta icupa rya Burgundy. Icupa ryanditseho "Chateauneuf du Pape", ingofero ya Papa nurufunguzo rwa kabiri rwa Mutagatifu Petero. Icupa ni nkumukristo wihaye Imana.
Icupa rya Chateauneuf du Pape; Inkomoko y'amashusho: Brotte
4. Icupa rya Champagne
Bisa n'icupa rya Burgundy, ariko hejuru y'icupa rifite kashe ya kashe ya fermentation ya kabiri mumacupa.
5. Icupa rya Provence
Birakwiye cyane gusobanura icupa rya Provence nkumukobwa mwiza ufite ishusho ya "S".
6. Icupa rya Alsace
Igitugu cy'icupa rya Alsace nacyo ni umurongo mwiza, ariko kiroroshye kurusha icupa rya Burgundy, nkumukobwa muremure. Usibye Alsace, amacupa menshi ya divayi yo mu Budage nayo akoresha ubu buryo.
Icupa rya Chianti
Amacupa ya Chianti yabanje kuba amacupa yinda nini, nkumuntu wuzuye kandi ukomeye. Ariko mu myaka yashize, Chianti yagiye akunda gukoresha amacupa ya Bordeaux.
Kumenya ibi, urashobora gukeka hafi inkomoko ya vino utarebye ikirango.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-05-2024