Urufunguzo rwo kubika vino ni ibidukikije byo hanze bibitswemo.Ntamuntu numwe wifuza gukoresha umutungo kandi "impumuro" yumuzabibu utetse wuzuye murugo.
Kugirango ubike neza vino, ntukeneye kuvugurura selire ihenze, icyo ukeneye nuburyo bwiza bwo kubika vino.Ibikurikira nisesengura rirambuye ryingingo 5 zubushyuhe, ubushuhe, guhura, kunyeganyega, numunuko mubidukikije.
Ubushyuhe ni kimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi bibika divayi, birasabwa kubika divayi kuri dogere selisiyusi 12-15.
Niba ubushyuhe buri hasi cyane, acide ya tartarike muri vino izahinduka tartrate itazongera gushonga, haba kwizirika kumurongo wikirahure cya divayi cyangwa gukomera kuri cork, ariko ni byiza kuyinywa.Kugenzura ubushyuhe bukwiye birashobora gukumira aside ya tartaric.
Niba ubushyuhe buri hejuru cyane, ku bushyuhe runaka, divayi itangira kwangirika, ariko ntawe uzi iyi mibare isobanutse.
Icyangombwa kimwe nukuzigama ubushyuhe.Ibigize vino bizagira ingaruka kumihindagurikire yubushyuhe, kandi cork nayo izaguka kandi yandure nihindagurika ryubushyuhe, cyane cyane cork ishaje ifite elastique mbi.
Ubushuhe bushoboka hagati ya 50% -80%
Kurenza urugero ikirango cya divayi kizahinduka, cyumye cyane cork izacika kandi itume divayi imeneka.Guhumeka neza nabyo birakenewe, bitabaye ibyo bizabyara ifumbire na bagiteri.
Kuri vino ifunze cork, kugirango ubungabunge ubushuhe bwa cork ningaruka nziza zo gufunga icupa rya vino, irinde umwuka winjira kandi utume divayi ihinduka okiside kandi ikuze.Amacupa ya vino agomba guhora abitswe neza kugirango yemere guhuza vino na cork.Iyo amacupa ya vino abitswe mu buryo buhagaritse, habaho itandukaniro hagati ya vino na cork.Kubwibyo, nibyiza gushyira vino igororotse, kandi urwego rwa vino rugomba kugera byibuze ijosi ryicupa.
Kumurika nabyo ni ikintu cyingenzi, Birasabwa kubika vino mubihe bituje.
Imyitozo ya fotokimike irabigiramo uruhare - inkingi yoroheje, aho riboflavin ikora hamwe na acide amine kugirango ikore hydrogène sulfide na mercaptans, itanga umunuko wigitunguru- na keleti.
Imirasire yigihe kirekire ultraviolet ntabwo ifasha kubika divayi.Imirasire ya Ultraviolet izasenya tannine muri vino itukura.Gutakaza tannine bivuze ko divayi itukura itakaza ubushobozi bwo gusaza.
Champagne na vino zitangaje zumva cyane urumuri.Ni ukubera ko divayi ishaje cyane kuri lees nyinshi iba nyinshi muri aside amine, amacupa rero akaba yijimye.
Imyitozo ya fotokimike irabigiramo uruhare - inkingi yoroheje, aho riboflavin ikora hamwe na acide amine kugirango ikore hydrogène sulfide na mercaptans, itanga umunuko wigitunguru- na keleti.
Imirasire yigihe kirekire ultraviolet ntabwo ifasha kubika divayi.Imirasire ya Ultraviolet izasenya tannine muri vino itukura.Gutakaza tannine bivuze ko divayi itukura itakaza ubushobozi bwo gusaza.
Champagne na vino zitangaje zumva cyane urumuri.Ni ukubera ko divayi ishaje cyane kuri lees nyinshi iba nyinshi muri aside amine, amacupa rero akaba yijimye.
Kunyeganyega birashobora kugira ingaruka kububiko bwa vino muburyo bwinshi
Birasabwa rero gushyira vino mumwanya uhamye.
Mbere na mbere, kunyeganyega bizihutisha okiside no guhumeka ibintu bya fenolike muri divayi, kandi bigatera imyanda mu icupa mu buryo budahungabana, bikangiza uburyohe bwa vino;
Icya kabiri, guhindagurika kenshi bikabije bizamura ubushyuhe mu icupa, bitera akaga kihishe ko guhagarara hejuru;
Byongeye kandi, ibidukikije bidahungabana nabyo bizongera amahirwe yo gucupa.
Impumuro mububiko ntibigomba gukomera cyane
Impumuro y’ibidukikije bibika divayi irashobora gutembera mu icupa binyuze mu byobo bya divayi ihagarara (cork), bizagenda bigira ingaruka buhoro buhoro impumuro ya divayi.
Akagari ka spiral
Inzu ya divayi spiral iherereye munsi yubutaka.Ubutaka buruta ubutaka kumiterere karemano nkubushyuhe, ubushuhe hamwe na anti-vibration, bitanga ahantu heza ho kubika vino nziza.
Byongeye kandi, akazu ka divayi yihariye ifite divayi nyinshi, kandi urashobora kureba vino muri selire ya divayi mugihe uzamuka kuntambwe.
Tekereza ugenda kuri iyi ngazi izenguruka, kuganira no kwishimira izo divayi mugihe ugenda, ndetse ugafata icupa rya vino kugirango uryohe, gusa kubitekereza ni byiza.
urugo
Ubu ni uburyo busanzwe bwo kubika.Divayi irashobora kubikwa mubushyuhe bwicyumba, ariko ntabwo imyaka myinshi.
Ntabwo ari byiza gushyira umurongo wa vino hejuru ya firigo, ishobora gusubirwamo byoroshye mugikoni.
Birasabwa gukoresha metero yubushyuhe nubushuhe kugirango urebe aho murugo ari ahantu heza ho kubika vino.Gerageza guhitamo ahantu ubushyuhe budahinduka cyane kandi hari urumuri ruke.Kandi, gerageza wirinde kunyeganyega bitari ngombwa, kandi wirinde amashanyarazi, ibyuma, no munsi yintambwe.
Kubika vino mumazi
Uburyo bwo kubika vino mumazi yaramenyekanye mugihe gito.
Divayi yasigaye mu Ntambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose yavumbuwe mu nyanja n'abahanga mbere, kandi nyuma y'imyaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo, uburyohe bwa divayi bugeze ku rwego rwo hejuru.
Nyuma, umuvinyu w’Abafaransa yashyize amacupa 120 ya divayi muri Mediterane kugira ngo arebe niba kubika amazi byari kuba byiza kuruta divayi.
Inzoga zirenga icumi muri Espagne zibika divayi mu mazi, kandi raporo zerekana uburyohe bwumunyu muke muri divayi hamwe na corks.
divayi
Ugereranije namahitamo yavuzwe haruguru, ubu buryo buroroshye guhinduka kandi mubukungu.
Akabati ka vino gakoreshwa mukubungabunga vino, kandi ifite ibiranga ubushyuhe burigihe nubushuhe buhoraho.Kimwe nubushuhe bwa salmostatike ya divayi, akabati ka divayi ni ahantu heza ho kubika divayi.
Akabati ka divayi karaboneka mubushyuhe bumwe kandi bubiri
Ubushyuhe bumwe bivuze ko muri zone ya divayi hari ubushyuhe bumwe gusa, kandi ubushyuhe bwimbere ni bumwe.
Ubushyuhe bubiri bivuze ko akabati ka divayi kagabanijwemo ibice bibiri by'ubushyuhe: igice cyo hejuru ni agace k'ubushyuhe buke, kandi igipimo cyo kugenzura ubushyuhe bwa zone yo hasi ni ubusanzwe dogere selisiyusi 5-12;igice cyo hepfo nubushyuhe bwo hejuru, naho ubushyuhe bwo kugenzura ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwa dogere selisiyusi 12-22.
Hariho kandi akabati ka divayi ikonje kandi ikonje
Ububiko bukonjesha bwa compressor vino kabisa nuburyo busanzwe bwo gukonjesha ubushyuhe.Ubushyuhe buke busanzwe bwa convection hejuru yubushyuhe bugabanya ubushyuhe mumasanduku, kuburyo itandukaniro ryubushyuhe mumasanduku rikunda kuba rimwe, ariko ubushyuhe ntibushobora kuba bumwe rwose, nubushyuhe bwigice cyegereye ubukonje Inkomoko Ingingo iri hasi, kandi ubushyuhe bwigice kure yubukonje buri hejuru.Ugereranije na kabine ya divayi ikonjesha akonje, akabati ka divayi ikonjesha ikonje izatuza cyane kubera abafana bake.
Akabati ka divayi ikonjesha ikirere itandukanya isoko ikonje ikava mu kirere mu isanduku, kandi ikoresha umuyaga kugira ngo ikure umwuka ukonje mu isoko ikonje hanyuma uyijugunye mu isanduku hanyuma uyikangure.Umufana wubatswe uteza imbere umwuka no kuzenguruka neza, bigatuma ubushyuhe bumwe kandi butajegajega ahantu hatandukanye muri kabili ya vino.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-17-2022